水培是一种在封闭环境中种植植物和鱼类的农业实践, 油烟生态系统.

在封闭系统中, aquaponics recycles water which by many estimates reduces water consumption by 90% to 99%. 这是因为水培系统效率更高, 这样，系统中的大部分水直接被工厂使用. 在传统农业中, 因为很少有水直接进入植物，所以使用了更多的水. 大部分的水都流失了, 蒸发, 土壤吸收不直接被植物利用.

水培法是水培法和水产养殖法的结合.

这是对鱼菜共生进行分类的最简单的方法, 但正如你所看到的，水培法不同于水培法和水产养殖. 和水培法一样，水培农业不用土壤就能种植植物. 这是可能的，因为土壤不是种植植物的必要成分. 在传统的, soil-based agriculture the soil acts as a reservoir for the nutrients required by plants to grow. 在水培法中，植物直接从水中吸收营养. 然而，大多数水供应中只有很少的营养物质. 因此在水培农业中, it is often necessary for the nutrients to be added to the water using organic or chemical solutions. 通常, this chemical-rich water cannot be reused after it has been cycled through a hydroponic system and in many cases is actually considered toxic to humans and animals. 在这种情况下，不应该将水重新引入环境. 诚然，并非所有的水培产品都会产生有毒的水. The hydroponic industry has improved over the years and producers now have safer and more effective options to raise produce. 不幸的是, not every producer (whether hydroponic or traditional agriculture) has embraced environmentally friendly practices.

水产养殖是一种养殖水生物种的养殖方法. 这是在一个受控的水环境中完成的, 比如大型油箱, 在池, 在自然水体中分离的部分. 包括鱼在内的各种水生生物, 软体动物, 甲壳类动物, 植物可以在这样的环境中生长和收获. 然而, the practice of aquaculture can cause of a variety of damage to the natural environment. 高密度的鱼类种群导致高密度的废物, 哪些必须通过清洁来管理, 缓解, 或删除. 在自然水体中, 废物堆积会破坏水生生态系统的微妙平衡. 在最坏的情况下, the waste is not removed and the water becomes toxic to the fish resulting in a fish kill, 所有的鱼都死在哪里. 另外, 有很多人担心引入侵入性手术, 外来物种进入自然.

Both hydroponics and aquaculture on their own have challenges and require additional inputs for a single product. Hydroponics requires added nutrients and often results in an unwanted output (toxic water). 而在水产养殖中，管理鱼类废物的负担是巨大的, 更不用说管理其他潜在的环境风险了. 在这两种方法中，都有一个单一的产品，要么是植物，要么是蛋白质. 水培农业结合了两者的优点，并留下了不需要的部分. 在水培系统中, 水中的鱼粪被循环进入种植床，种子或植物在那里生长. This fish wastewater provides the essential nutrients for plant growth and reduces the need for added chemical nutrients. 反过来, the plants essentially clean the waste from the water and return it back to the system where it is re-used and recycled efficiently.

Aquaponics relies upon microbiological processes to foster the relationship between plants and fish.

虽然以上信息提供了一个总的情况, there is actually a lot of science behind the relationship between the fish and plants thriving together. A brief explanation is as follows; however, 进行更技术性的讨论, 我们建议你看看这篇同行评议的文章. 鱼的排泄物释放出氨, while high levels of ammonia would normally kill fish in an aquaponic system this ammonia is converted into nitrites and then into nitrates by naturally occurring bacteria that develop in the aquaponic system. 记住，不是所有的细菌都是有害的. 在这种情况下, the bacteria that occur naturally in this system are good bacteria and necessary for a thriving aquaponics system, much like many of the bacteria humans carry on their body are good bacteria that actually keep us healthy. 这种转化过程产生的硝酸盐随后被植物吸收, 它们为植物生长提供了所有必需的营养. The result of this natural process is clean water that provides a safe environment for the fish. 请看下面的图表.

BG大游水共生循环需要知道的重要事情.
 

1. 水共生系统中的细菌需要时间来生长和发育. 需要多长时间取决于您的特定系统的设计, 系统的大小, 水循环策略, 鱼类. 有一些方法可以评估细菌在你的系统中发展所需的时间, and we recommend that any aquaponics farmer plan for at least one month for the system to reach readiness before planting any valuable crops or using costly fish.
2. 鱼菜共生循环正在进行中. 因为找不到更好的词来形容，所以每次都是一批. 这是一个持续的过程，在系统的任何时候都会自然发生. 水需要一些基本的监测，以确保有一个健康的水平. 这可以通过水测试(这是推荐的)和经验来完成. A seasoned aquaponics farmer will be able to look at crops and know if the water requires some adjustment. 然而, until you reach that point and are comfortable with the inherent risks (fish kills and loss of crops) we recommend regular water testing.

提供的资料 共生Aquaponic.

This class is a hands-on learning experience where students will acquire the skills and knowledge needed to produce organic CBD from start to finish. 在90天的课程中，学生将:

• 用水培法种植有机大麻
• 学习CBD生产的业务流程
• 在设立法人实体和许可等方面获得帮助

为期90天的课程费用为2000美元. 要查看课程时间表，注册和了解更多信息，请访问 www.symbioticaquaponic.com 或联系 Kaben史默伍德 at 918-869-0845.

为期一天的课程介绍了水培主题，如系统设计, 鱼菜共生的科学原理, 植物和鱼类的选择. Participants engage in classroom discussions and hands-on experience in Eastern’s greenhouse. 所有的课程材料都在上课当天提供. 参与者还可以在午餐时品尝水培温室的农产品.

The cost of the one-day course varies by registration date with special discounts offered to groups of four or more. 要查看课程时间表，注册和了解更多信息，请访问 www.symbioticaquaponic.com 或联系 Kaben史默伍德 at 918-869-0845.

Eastern's Agri-Business Incubator Program provides training to producers interested in a career centered on aquaponics. The Incubator is the first of its kind in the state of Oklahoma and the only program in the nation that includes instruction on the processes and procedures involved in earning organic certification from the USDA. Organic certification is a great marketing differentiator for farmers in the commercial growing environment. 水培养殖是一种小型, but rapidly growing market and organic certification provides economic validity to an operation because farmers are able to improve the price of their produce and get a much better financial return on the crops they’re growing.  

• The goal of the program is to provide the education necessary for farmers to develop an organic system plan and submit it to a third-party verifying agent that will approve the operation to be USDA-certified organic.
• 该计划在全国范围内适用. Anyone from anywhere in the nation can participate in the program and get what is needed to become organically certified.
• 该课程包括20小时的在线教学, 包括鱼菜共生和商业介绍, 概述与鱼菜共生有关的规章制度, 拟议行动的财务可行性, 协助企业成立, discussion of potential financing options through government programs and financial institutions, 以及如何获得有机认证.
• 使用水培系统是有益的，但不是必需的. Participants in the Wilburton area are provided with 100 square feet of grow space in Eastern’s state-of-the-art aquaponics greenhouse. Program participants are also encouraged to complete 20 hours of greenhouse time focused on learning aquaponic techniques and methods, 包括从播种到收获的过程, 销售作物, 并将结果信息整合到商业计划中.

该计划可以在大约90天内完成, 但鼓励参与者按照自己的节奏完成. 参加的费用是999美元. 该课程的注册是开放的，正在进行中. 要查看课程时间表，注册和了解更多信息，请访问 www.symbioticaquaponic.com 或联系 Kaben史默伍德 at 918-869-0845.